Section 7.4 Vocab

1) Daniel Webster 

Massachusetts senator who rose in the Senate and delivered one of the great speeches in American history.

A member of the Senate who stood up and gave a rememorable speech.

2) John C. Calhoun

Jackson's Vice President and also one of Webster's greatest opponents.

Andrew Jackson's Vice President of South Carolina. He was a major opponent of Webster during the argument between the states' rights and federal authority.

3) Tariff of Abominations

Congress passed a tariff to protect the infant American industries.

After the War of 1812, the British had a goal to destroy their American competitors by filling the U.S. market with cheap goods. This tariff was introduced in order to protect the American industries. 

4) Bank of the United States

Andrew Jackson never did resort to sending troops into South Carolina, he did wage a very personal war on the Bank of the United States.

Andrew Jackson targeted the Bank of the United States rather than South Carolina.

5) Whig Party 

The Whigs backed the ideals of the American System.

Group of Democratic Republicans who were angered by Jackson's rule and wanted to protect the American rights.

6) Martin Van Buren

When Jackson announced that he would not run a third term, the Democrats chose Vice-President Martin Van Buren.

After Jackson's desicion to not run any longer, Martin was chosen. With Jackson's support, Martin won easily. 

7) Panic of 1837

Bank closings and the collapse of the credit system.

The sudden closure if banks and etc. which led a majority of the countries employes without work and bankrupt. 

8) William Henry Harrison 

Candidate chosen by the Whig party.

He won the election. The Whigs used the strategy by showing Harrison as a man for the common people when he actually wasn't. 

9) John Tyler

Harrison's Vice President and successor.

Was chosen to become the president after Harrison's death. 

Section 7.3 Vocabulary

1) Andrew Jackson 

John Quincy Adam's chief political opponent. 

Andrew was the 7th President. War hero of the War of 1812. People loved him so much that when the restrictions on voting were less strict, he won the election easily. From the western side of the Appalachian Mountains, Tennessee. Not related to any of the founding fathers. 

2) Democratic-Republican Party 

The Jacksonians accused John Adams for stealing the presidency. They formed the Democratic-Republican Party.

Jackson's followers accused Adams of being unfair and stealing the presidency. The Jacksonians left the Republican Party and form the Democratic-Republican Party in order to make Adams presidency difficult for him.

3) Spoils System 

Incoming officials throw out former appointees and replace them with their friends.

Jackson did not accept the federal employees so he fired them and replaced them with his loyal Jacksonians.

4) Indian Removal Act

Under this law, the federal government funded negotiation of treaties that would force the Native Americans to move west. 

Jackson did not like the assimilation of the Natives. So, the Native Americans were forced through treaties to leave the colonies and move westward. 

5) Trail of Tears

The Cherokee buried more than a quarter of their people.

As the Cherokee were on their way, government officials and outlaws what little possessions they had. Many of the Cherokee people died throughout the journey. 

Mills- Industrialism

1.  What are the five requirements for a successful mill?

Power; development; money, or capital; workers; access to raw materials; and a method of shipping finished goods. 

2.  Why would the South be a logical place to build a mill?  Why wouldn't they work there? 

The South would be a logical place to build a mill because that was where all the raw material was grown. But it was the Nothern areas such as New England that had the water power necessary for the mills to work. There was river water that dropped from mountains in the South but since the ground underneath was so soft and fragile, it did not really prove useful. 

3.  Why were mills built in New England? 

For one, the water power was a lot different compared to the South. The water had an abrupt fall because of the hard underlying granite. The climate was proving to help. Ample rainfall during the summer time made up for evaporation which meant that the water could keep flowing. Also deep lakes scooped out by glaciers acted as natural reservoirs on the upper parts of New England. 

4.  What is unique about the Merrimack River? 

Farmers could produce 2,500 horsepower from one site where the water plunged 30 feet. 

5.  Why was it difficult for F.C. Lowell workers to find jobs at first? 

No cities existed near the best water sites and also there were no means of transport to actually bring workers to the sites. People were also highly prejudiced against working in mills because of the bad situations people worked in mills. Many men were already employed and they needed their sons to help in their work.

6.  What was the problem with the English mills built in Rhode Island by Samuel Slater? 

Samuel Slater made a family system. He brought in whole families that were kept in dark, dreary tenements. Every member of the family worked for only a few dollars in a week.